Administrating boot environments in Solaris 11 is almost same as Solaris 10’s Live upgrade. In Solaris 10,we will use lu commands like lucreate,l uactivate, lumount, luumount and lustatus. But in Solaris 11, all the tasks will be carried out using beadm command.
Here we will perform simple operations to understand beadm in Solaris11. First thing is to create a new boot environment and add one sample package to that environment. Then activate the new BE and verify whether the sample package is installed or not. After that bring the system back to old boot environment by activating the old BE.
1. List out the current boot environments. In active column, NR stands for active Now(N) and active on Reboot(R). And also you can see there is no snapshot exist on the system
root@netra-t5440:/# date
Thu Apr 9 06:08:10 PDT 2015
root@netra-t5440:/# beadm list
BE Active Mountpoint Space Policy Created
-- ------ ---------- ----- ------ -------
solaris NR / 2.63G static 2015-01-08 11:58
root@netra-t5440:/# zfs list |grep @
root@netra-t5440:/#
2. Clone the current BE to new BE called BE_NEW. Here unlike solaris10, snapshots are kept in the background. So you can see only new BE’s datasets. The datasets name with BE_NEW belongs to new boot environment.
root@netra-t5440:/# beadm create BE_NEW
root@netra-t5440:/# beadm list
BE Active Mountpoint Space Policy Created
-- ------ ---------- ----- ------ -------
BE_NEW - - 81.0K static 2015-04-09 06:29
solaris NR / 2.63G static 2015-01-08 11:58
root@netra-t5440:/# beadm list -a BE_NEW
BE/Dataset/Snapshot Active Mountpoint Space Policy Created
------------------- ------ ---------- ----- ------ -------
BE_NEW
rpool/ROOT/BE_NEW - - 80.0K static 2015-04-09 06:29
rpool/ROOT/BE_NEW/var - - 1.0K static 2015-04-09 06:29
3. Mount the new boot environment.
root@netra-t5440:/# mkdir /BE_NEW
root@netra-t5440:/# beadm mount BE_NEW /BE_NEW
root@netra-t5440:/# df -h /BE_NEW
Filesystem Size Used Available Capacity Mounted on
rpool/ROOT/BE_NEW 134G 2.3G 94G 3% /BE_NEW
root@netra-t5440:/# beadm list
BE Active Mountpoint Space Policy Created
-- ------ ---------- ----- ------ -------
BE_NEW - /BE_NEW 81.0K static 2015-04-09 06:29
solaris NR / 2.63G static 2015-01-08 11:58
4.Now we will install new package on BE_NEW.
root@netra-t5440:/# pkg -R /BE_NEW verify -v samba
pkg verify: no packages matching 'samba' installed
root@netra-t5440:/# pkg -R /BE_NEW install -v samba
Packages to install: 12
Services to change: 1
Estimated space available: 93.96 GB
Estimated space to be consumed: 660.50 MB
Rebuild boot archive: No
Changed packages:
solaris
library/desktop/gobject/gobject-introspection
None -> 0.9.12,5.11-0.175.2.0.0.41.0:20140609T232030Z
library/desktop/libglade
None -> 2.6.4,5.11-0.175.2.0.0.35.0:20140317T124538Z
.
.
.
.
Services:
restart_fmri:
svc:/system/manifest-import:default
Editable files to change:
Install:
etc/dbus-1/system.d/avahi-dbus.conf
DOWNLOAD PKGS FILES XFER (MB) SPEED
Completed 12/12 4240/4240 134.9/134.9 3.9M/s
PHASE ITEMS
Installing new actions 5005/5005
Updating package state database Done
Updating package cache 0/0
Updating image state Done
Creating fast lookup database Done
Updating package cache 2/2
root@netra-t5440:/#
Note:You need to configure IPS to install new packages.
5.Verify the package on BE_NEW
root@netra-t5440:/# pkg -R /BE_NEW verify -v samba
PACKAGE STATUS
pkg://solaris/service/network/samba OK
root@netra-t5440:/# pkg -R /BE_NEW list -v samba
FMRI IFO
pkg://solaris/service/network/samba@3.6.23,5.11-0.175.2.0.0.42.1:20140623T021406Z i--
6.Activate the BE_NEW.
root@netra-t5440:/# beadm activate BE_NEW
root@netra-t5440:/# beadm list
BE Active Mountpoint Space Policy Created
-- ------ ---------- ----- ------ -------
BE_NEW R /BE_NEW 3.12G static 2015-04-09 06:29
solaris N / 229.0K static 2015-01-08 11:58
7.Reboot the system to boot the system from BE_NEW.
root@netra-t5440:/# init 6
8.Verify whether system is boot from BE_NEW.
root@netra-t5440:~# beadm list
BE Active Mountpoint Space Policy Created
-- ------ ---------- ----- ------ -------
BE_NEW NR / 3.36G static 2015-04-09 06:29
solaris - - 87.24M static 2015-01-08 11:58
Note:Look at the Active column to confirm BE state. N- Active Now; R- Active on Reboot;
9.Verify the installed packages are available in current boot environment.
root@netra-t5440:~# pkg list samba
NAME (PUBLISHER) VERSION IFO
service/network/samba 3.6.23-0.175.2.0.0.42.1 i--
10.You can also do the verification on OLD-BE, whether the package is available there are not.
root@netra-t5440:~# mkdir /Old_BE
root@netra-t5440:~# beadm mount solaris /Old_BE
root@netra-t5440:~# pkg -R /Old_BE list samba
pkg list: No packages matching 'samba' installed
Rollback operation
============
1.Any time you can rollback the Solaris 11 to old boot environment using below command.
root@netra-t5440:~# beadm activate solaris
root@netra-t5440:~# beadm list
BE Active Mountpoint Space Policy Created
-- ------ ---------- ----- ------ -------
BE_NEW N / 678.50M static 2015-04-09 06:29
solaris R /Old_BE 2.72G static 2015-01-08 11:58
N- Active now
R- Active upon Reboot
2.Reboot the server using “init 6″ .
root@netra-t5440:~# init 6
3.Now you won't see the new package on the system.
root@netra-t5440:~# beadm list
BE Active Mountpoint Space Policy Created
-- ------ ---------- ----- ------ -------
BE_NEW - - 686.82M static 2015-04-09 06:29
solaris NR / 2.79G static 2015-01-08 11:58
root@netra-t5440:~# pkg list samba
pkg list: No packages matching 'samba' installed
Thus you can manage the boot environments for Solaris 11 for package/patch bundle installation.
